Bioinformatics is the branch of science concerned with the development of computer hardware and software to the achievement, storage analysis and visualization of biological facts. It includes three components as follows:
1) It aids in the progress of new algorithms and statistics for evaluating the relationships among large sets of biological data, example, DNA series.
2) Application of such tools for the examination and interpretation of different biological data involving nucleotide series, amino acid series, and so forth.
3) The progress of database for a proficient storage, entrance and management of big body of biological information.
Analysis employing Bioinformatics Tools
(A) Detection of Genes: The initial task in gene recognition in a DNA series is the recognition of the accurate reading frame. There are three probable reading frames for each of the two threads of DNA double helix.
(B) Identification of function of a new gene: The gene series is translated into the amino acid sequence of the protein it is predictable to encode. This protein sequence is then compared with a protein database. A program like tBLASTx will execute both such functions.
(C) Identification of functional Domains: There are numerous bioinformatics tools for the recognition of protein motifs and protein domains. Few of these tools are PROSITE, PRINTS, SMART, BLOCKS, and so on.
(D) Detection of Non-coding RNA: Several kinds of RNAs are non-coding, for example, rRNA, tRNA, small RNA, and so on. Of such rRNAs are the simplest to find; this is completed by sequence similarity search
E) Genome Annotation: Standard genome annotation languages have become broadly accepted. GAME is a program for explaining experimental support annotation. Likewise DAS system is mainly helpful for indexing and visualization.
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